China Bank Moves Toward Huge IPO
知情人士透露,中国农业银行已要求21家投资银行提交针对其首次公开募股(IPO)计划的建议书,从而朝着世界最大规模IPO之一更近了一步。农行IPO融资规模可能将达到200多亿美元。
农行在2008年进行了重组,当时被普遍视为朝着上市的方向迈出的第一步。农行要求投行提交建议书,第一次显示出中国政府推动农行上市的意愿。知情人士说,他们未被告知农行何时上市,但在上海和香港的上市都有可能在今年进行。 农行官员没有回复请求置评的电话。
数据提供商Dealogic数据显示,中国资产规模最大的银行中国工商银行2006年融资219亿美元,是世界最大规模的IPO,紧随其后的是Visa Inc.于2008年融资197亿美元。工行上市前,四大银行中的另外两家,即中国银行和中国建设银行已经进行了IPO,而工行上市后,投资者一直在等待农行的IPO。
如果农行于今年上市,内地和香港的市场情绪都有可能面临考验。内地基准股指上证综合指数在去年一路上涨之后,今年以来已经下跌3.9%,原因是投资者担心中国会解除刺激措施,而且已有多家公司进行了IPO。香港恒生指数今年上涨0.3%,但失去了一桩预计规模很大的IPO:美国国际集团(American International Group Inc.)达成协议,把子公司美国友邦保险公司(American International Assurance Ltd.)出售给英国保诚集团(Prudential PLC),而不是让它在香港上市。
![0013729e454e0d2779d715 Agricultural Bank of China has enough strength to sustain future growth due to its strong rural focus. [China Daily]](http://wei-jiang.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/0013729e454e0d2779d715-300x253.jpg)
Agricultural Bank of China has enough strength to sustain future growth due to its strong rural focus. [China Daily
全球金融危机令农行IPO被迫搁置;最近随着中国努力确保农村地区获得适当融资通道、农行努力夯实它作为农村金融机构的基础,其上市计划似乎又进一步受到了威胁。
虽然具体日期不确定,但农行IPO一直颇受全球和亚洲投资银行界的期待。它们预计农行IPO将会产生不菲的手续费。亚洲地区的IPO是这些投行业务的重要部分。据Dealogic数据显示,今年一季度,除日本以外亚太地区的IPO总额共有225亿美元,在全球IPO总额中占43%。
上述知情人士说,周三各投行提交初步方案争取在农行上市的香港部分(H股)中担当顾问。周四它们将争夺上海部分(A股)的业务。这些人士说,还不清楚A股和H股IPO是同时进行还是有先有后。
农行是中国国内资产规模仅次于工行和建行的第三大银行,是中国最大的农村银行。农行一直努力改善其由政府指导、向农民和农业相关企业贷款的业务,而这些贷款对象往往都是在贫困地区。近几年它一直在扩大城镇地区的贷款,这部分业务更加有利可图。
但农行的盈利状况落后于竞争对手。2009年一至九月份,农行报告净利润人民币500亿元(合73.3亿美元),资产规模8.6万亿元,而中国银行以8.3万亿元的资产规模录得净利润620亿元。
农行是在上世纪50年代由政府设立的。三年前,政府开始重组农行,使之成为一家现代化的金融机构。2008年11月,中央汇金投资有限责任公司向该行注资190亿美元,以充实资本,这是农行可能进行的IPO前重组工作的一部分。财政部和中央汇金现在共同持股农行。
Other Chinese Banks:
中国工商银行(ICBC)
中国建设银行(CCB)
交通银行(BOCOM)
中国银行(BOC)
招商银行(CMB)
Agricultural Bank of China Ltd. asked 21 investment banks to submit proposals to shepherd a planned initial public offering that could raise more than $20 billion, according to people familiar with the deal, in a step forward for what is expected to be one of the world’s largest IPOs.
The move offers the first indication that Beijing is willing to move ahead with an IPO after the state-controlled bank restructured itself in 2008, a move broadly seen at the time as the first move toward listing shares. The people familiar with the matter said they haven’t been told when Agricultural Bank will list, but listings in both Shanghai and Hong Kong are likely this year.
Agricultural Bank officials didn’t return phone calls seeking comment.
Industrial & Commercial Bank of China Ltd., China’s largest bank by assets, raised $21.9 billion in 2006 in the world’s biggest IPO, while Visa Inc.’s $19.7 billion IPO in 2008 was the second largest, according to data from Dealogic. Investors have been awaiting Agricultural Bank’s IPO since ICBC’s float, which came after the IPOs of China’s two other Big Four lenders, Bank of China Ltd. and China Construction Bank Corp.
An offering this year could test market sentiment in both mainland China and Hong Kong. China’s benchmark Shanghai Composite Index has fallen 3.9% this year after a heady rise last year, amid concerns that China will pull back on stimulus efforts and following a flood of other IPOs. Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index is up 0.3% this year and lost what was expected to have been a major IPO when American International Group Inc. reached a deal to sell its American International Assurance Ltd. arm to Prudential PLC rather than take it public there.
The global financial crisis pushed Agricultural Bank’s IPO plans onto the back burner, but more recently China’s drive to ensure that rural areas have proper access to finance seemed to further threaten Agricultural Bank’s plans to list shares as it tried to shore up its roots as a rural lender.
While the date has been uncertain, the bank’s IPO has been expected by global and Asian investment banks hoping it could result in fat fees. Asia-based IPOs are important to their business; the Asian-Pacific region outside Japan posted $22.5 billion in IPO volumes in the first quarter of this year, accounting for 43% of the global IPO total, according to Dealogic.
Banks pitched on Wednesday to play an advisory role in the Hong Kong, or H-share, portion of the long-awaited deal by Agricultural Bank, these people said. On Thursday, they will vie for the Shanghai, or A-share, portion. It was unclear whether the A- and H-share IPOs will be simultaneous or one after the other, the people said.
The bank is China’s third-largest lender by assets after ICBC and China Construction Bank, and is the country’s largest rural lender. Agricultural Bank has been grappling with turning around a business directed by the government to lend to farmers and agriculture-related businesses, often in poor areas. It has in recent years been expanding its lending in urban areas, a more profitable business for the bank.
However, its earnings have trailed those of its rivals. For the January-September period of 2009, Agricultural Bank reported net profit of 50 billion yuan ($7.33 billion) on assets of 8.6 trillion yuan, while Bank of China posted net profit of 62 billion yuan on assets of 8.3 trillion yuan.
China’s government set up Agricultural Bank in the 1950s. Beijing started restructuring the bank into a modern financial institution three years ago. In November 2008, China’s sovereign-wealth fund injected $19 billion into the bank to shore up its capital as part of a restructuring ahead of a possible IPO. The Ministry of Finance and the sovereign-wealth fund now share ownership of the lender.
【点睛】性能优良的亿万富翁孵化机。
【释义】IPO是Initial public offering的缩写,即首次公开募股,指某公司首次向社会公众公开招股的发行方式。公司进行IPO,不但可以得到资金用来扩大业务,而且成为一间公众公司之后,还能很方便地从二级市场募集资金,为公司的做大做强提供了保障。
【谈古说今】一个企业从小到大,慢慢发展,一般遇到的最大问题就是资金。资金是企业的血液,没有资金企业很难发展。所以在企业很小还没有上市资格的时候,一般企业家都会寻求风险投资前来投钱,等到慢慢发展壮大后,就需要从更多的人手里筹钱,这时IPO就是一个很有效的方式。
不少企业创办人在IPO之后,一夜成为亿万富翁,比如2007年的女首富杨惠妍。 杨惠妍旗下的碧桂园诞生于1992年,至今已经营造了十多个超大规模综合社区。碧桂园集团创建于1997年,是全国最大的综合性房地产开发企业之一。2007年4月,在香港证券交易所上市,首次IPO创内地房地产企业规模最大纪录,总共出让的股权,募集到129亿港元的资金。公司大股东杨惠妍以25岁的年龄变身中国最年轻首富,她拥有碧桂园的股份,其身家在上市之初达到了600亿元,远超前任首富张茵。这也让素来低调的碧桂园成为一个新的财富神话。
不少人可能很难明白这到底是怎么一回事,下面我将其分解开来,让大家看看这个首富是怎么炼出来的。原先碧桂园是一家家族房地产企业,其中杨惠妍、杨贰珠、苏汝波、张耀垣、区学铭分占70%、12%、6%、6%及6%的股权。杨惠妍是最大股东,其他几个人都是亲戚朋友,也是在一起创业的*。上市后,总共卖出的股份,五个股东所占的总份额被稀释到,其中杨惠妍所占份额被稀释到为。他们为什么要让出股份呢?原来这些股份是卖出去的,别人要拿钱来认购,这样钱就流入了企业。碧桂园总共募集到129亿,有了这笔钱它就可以进行扩张了。那么杨惠妍是如何成为首富的呢?其实她并不是真的有那么多钱,而是按照香港交易所里碧桂园的股价,她手里的股票值600亿元。
说到IPO,就不得不说说打新股。由于害怕股票卖不掉IPO失败,一般企业公开发行的股价不会很高,在市场交易后总是会上涨,这已成为了惯例。既然如此稳赚不赔,那为什么不在上市前就买了呢?所以就有了打新股。打新股也就是在股票公开交易之前,从杨惠妍他们手中把股票先买过来。由于赚钱机会很大,自然不会让你那么轻易申购到。像碧桂园在香港上市,就有3330亿港元去申请购买他们的股票,但是最终只有129亿元的资金申购到了,而且从申购到最终出结果这段时间你的资金是没有利息的哦。但是碧桂园一上市就飙涨,如果能申购到新股的话还是蛮幸运的。

